You may forcibly enable test mode manually by setting the Config object's debug property to true. Used for pre-story-start initialization tasks, like variable initialization (happens at the beginning of story initialization). For example, if the passage name was Gone fishin', then: For example, if the tag name was Sector_42, then it would become both the data-tags attribute member Sector_42 (selector: [data-tags~="Sector_42"]) and the class sector-42 (selector: .sector-42). This macro has been deprecated and should no longer be used. For example, if some story passages were tagged with forest, then styles for those forest passages might look like this: These are SugarCube's built-in stylesheets, in order of load/cascade. Note: Sets the selected tracks' volume level (default: 1). For example: (not an exhaustive list). If no cases match and an optional <> case exists, which must be the final case, then its contents will be executed. Returns the total number of filled slots. Tip: Deprecated: You may, however, forcibly enable it if you need to for some reasone.g., if you're using another compiler, which doesn't offer a way to enable test mode. Returns a reference to the current AudioRunner instance for chaining. When used to set the loop state, returns a reference to the current AudioList instance for chaining. Prepends one or more members to the beginning of the base array and returns its new length. See Passage API for more information. Moves forward one moment within the full history (past + future), if possible, activating and showing the moment moved to. There's no way for the system to know ahead of time whether it's safe to re-execute a passage's contents. This is a collection of tips, from how-tos to best practices. See Guide: Media Passages for more information. Controls the playback of the playlist, which must be set up via <>the deprecated <> may be used instead, though it is not recommended. The document element. SimpleAudio API, AudioTrack API, and AudioList API. For . Warning: Note: Some users have the false impression that StoryInit is not run when the story is restarted when the playthrough session is restored or autosave is loaded. Returns a reference to the UIBar object for chaining. Returns a timestamp representing the last time Engine.play() was called. In order of processing: (for reference, this also shows tasks and various special passages). Warning: Those that do not bundle SugarCube v2: Only the older Twine2.0 series. Once the code has been fully executed, the contents of the buffer, if any, will be output. The best example of an array is a pill container. Data stored there won't take up space in the game history, but will be accessible both from Twine and . A variable is a bit of storage where you may stash a value for later use. Stops playback of the track and forces it to drop any existing data. Returns the number of moments within the past in-play history (past only). Widgets allow you to create macros by using the standard macros and markup that you use normally within your story. Each value in an array is assigned an index, which is a number that corresponds to the position of that item or element. : fired, triggered) to notify code that something has taken place, from player interactions to automated happenings. postrender tasks have been deprecated and should no longer be used. Returns a reference to the current AudioTrack instance for chaining. Returns an AudioRunner instance for the tracks matching the given selector. Returns a new array filled with all Passage objects that contain the given property, whose value matches the given search value, or an empty array, if no matches are made. All user functions and macros that check for the existence of moments within the history check both the story history and expired moments, so will work as expected even if the history is limited to a single moment as described above. Returns whether the passage with the given title occurred within the story history. As an example, the default replacement strings make use of this to handle various warning intros and outros. Property attributes, including getters/setters, and symbol properties. This macro should be invoked once following any invocations of <> and <>, if any <> definitions used the copy keyword, for which you want the loading screen displayed. Of the three Harlowe seems the most robusts, followed by SugarCube. Sets the story's title. Determines whether the link-visited class is added to internal passage links that go to previously visited passagesi.e., the passage already exists within the story history. Etc. Warning: The directory and .py file names within the archive available for download are already properly matchedas sugarcube-2 and sugarcube-2.pyand to avoid issues it recommended that you simply do not rename them. SugarCube includes polyfills for virtually all JavaScript (ECMAScript) 5 & 6 native object methodsvia the es5-shim and es6-shim polyfill libraries (shims only, no shams)so they may be safely used even if your project will be played in ancient browsers that do not natively support them. Returns the number of existing templates. There are three forms: a conditional-only form, a 3-part conditional form, and a range form. Note: Removes and returns a random member from the base array. The list options are populated via <> and/or <>. See the .includesAny() method for its replacement. Returns the number of milliseconds that have passed since the current passage was rendered to the page. Randomly selects the given number of unique members from the base array and returns the selected members as a new array. Note: 558 30K views 7 years ago Introduction to Twine In this new series, I cover the process of writing interactive fiction using Twine and the Sugarcube story format. Completely removes the UI bar and all of its associated styles and event handlers. Returns whether the track is currently unavailable for playback. See the Macro API docs for more information. Macros fall into two broad categories based on the kind of arguments they accept: those that want an expressione.g., <> and <>and those that want discrete arguments separated by whitespacee.g., <>. Warning: See Guide: Media Passages for more information. Returns a random member from the array or array-like object. Triggered after the displayi.e., outputof the incoming passage. Gets or sets the playlist's repeating playback state (default: false). Interrupts an in-progress fade of the selected tracks, or does nothing if no fade is progressing. Story variables are a part of the story history and exist for the lifetime of a playthrough session. The Config API serves the same basic purpose. you'll need to call the Setting.save() after having done so. This function is finicky, however. Terminates the execution of the current <>. Note: Return the named macro definition, or null on failure. You will also need some CSS styles to make this workexamples given below. Returns whether the UI bar is currently hidden. Outputs the contents of the passage with the given name, optionally wrapping it within an HTML element. SugarCube uses .ariaClick() internally to handle all of its various link markup and macros. This is a reference for localizing SugarCube's default UI text, in general, and its l10nStrings object specifically. Adding additional properties directly to save objects is not recommended. Returns a reference to the current AudioRunner instance for chaining. Several things occur each and every time startup happens, regardless of whether or not a playthrough session will be restored, an autosave loaded, or the starting passage run. Harlowe's implementation of the (goto:) macro terminates the rendering passage. Shorthand for jQuery's .one() method applied to the audio element. Returns whether a fade is in-progress on the currently playing track. While it renders content just as any other passage does, instead of displaying the rendered output as-is, it sifts through the output and builds its contents from the generated links contained therein. The story's title is part of the story project. IDs and classes automatically generated from passage names and tags are normalized to kebab case with all lowercase letterswhich entails: removing characters that are not alphanumerics, underscores, hyphens, en-/em-dashes, or whitespace, then replacing any remaining non-alphanumeric characters with hyphens, one per group, and finally converting the result to lowercase. Now, load the saved story from before the changes were made, and you'll see $y is undefined, since it doesn't exist at all in the loaded state. Returns a new array containing all of the macro's ancestors that passed the test implemented by the given filter function or an empty array, if no members pass. Warning: Returns whether playback of the playlist has ended. For example, consider the following markup: Assuming that ?He resolves to She and ?his to her, then that will produce the following output: Note: Note: classes) guide for more information. This feature is largely incompatible with private browsing modes, which cause all in-browser storage mechanisms to either persist only for the lifetime of the browsing session or fail outright. See the :passageinit event for its replacement. Prepends one or more unique members to the beginning of the base array and returns its new length. Properties on the strings localization object (l10nStrings) should be set within your project's JavaScript section (Twine2: the Story JavaScript; Twine1/Twee: a script-tagged passage) to override the defaults. See LoadScreen API for more information. Used to populate the story's banner area in the UI bar (element ID: story-banner). Warning: This video covers how to create the "Space Exploration" example in SugarCube 2.0.Harlowe: https://youtu.be/DvOPqJzXWgoSnowman: https://youtu.be/_G7tCGi8sLsPr. If necessary, you may also use multiple tags by switching from .includes() to .includesAny() in the above example. Block widgets may access the contents they enclose via the _contents special variable. There are two main presentation formats for Twine 2.0 texts: Harlowe and Sugarcube. Repeatedly executes its contents after the given delay, inserting any output into the passage in its place. Returns whether an audio group with the given group ID exists. Expressions are simply units of code that yield values when evaluated. Resets the setting with the given name to its default value. Sets the value of the story or temporary variable by the given name. Returns a reference to the current AudioRunner instance for chaining. Warning: A new moment is created whenever passage navigation occurs, and only when passage navigation occurs. Appends one or more members to the end of the base array and returns its new length. The new l10nStrings object has a simpler, flatter, set of properties and better support for replacement strings. classes) revival code and associated data within the revive wrapper, which should be returned from an object instance's .toJSON() method, so that the instance may be properly revived upon deserialization. Pauses playback of the selected tracks and, if they're not already in the process of loading, forces them to drop any existing data and begin loading. Instead, call the UI.restart() static method, which prompts the player with an OK/Cancel dialog before itself calling Engine.restart(), if they accept. In these cases, audio will not automatically play on the starting passage, nor is it likely to play if initiated from within asynchronous codee.g., via. The _contents special variable is used internally, by container widgets, to store the contents they enclose. Note: Warning: See Template API for more information. Once initialized, the State.random() method and story functions, random() and randomFloat(), return deterministic results from the seeded PRNGby default, they return non-deterministic results from Math.random(). Removes the audio group with the given ID. To update the value associated with a key, simply set it again. SugarCube does not trim whitespace from the contents of <> macros, so that authors don't have to resort to various kludges to get whitespace where they want it. Group IDs allow several tracks to be selected simultaneously without needing to specify each one individually. Additionally, macros in SugarCube do not return values, so macros cannot be used as arguments to other macros. Groups are useful for applying actions to multiple tracks simultaneously and/or excluding the included tracks from a larger set when applying actions. Deprecated: Unsupported object types, either native or custom, will need to implement .clone() method to be properly supported by the clone() functionwhen called on such an object, it will simply defer to the local method; see the Non-generic object types (a.k.a. Does not modify the original. Warning: Twine1/Twee: Registers the passage as a CSS stylesheet, which is loaded during startup. Happens at the end of passage navigation. Deletes the audio group with the given group ID. See the memorize() and recall() functions for its replacement. Returns a pseudo-random decimal number (floating-point) within the range of the given bounds (inclusive for the minimum, exclusive for the maximum)i.e., [min,max). AudioTrack API, AudioRunner API, and AudioList API. If you only need to print the value of a TwineScript variable, then you may simply include it in your normal passage text and it will be printed automatically via the naked variable markup. Many of the commonly used native non-generic object types are already fully compatible with and supported for use within story variablese.g., Array, Date, Map, and Set. Roughly equivalent to the :passagedisplay event. Concatenates one or more unique members to the end of the base array and returns the result as a new array. ended and pause for information on somewhat similar native events. Config.macros.typeSkipKey, Config.macros.typeVisitedPassages, <> Events. Browsers are not currently required to honor the navigationUI setting. Probably most useful when paired with <>. Returns whether the given member was found within the array, starting the search at position. Note: Happens before the modification of the state history. Assignment: The expression causes an assignment to occure.g., A backquote is also known as a grave and is often paired with the tilde (. All DOM macros require the elements to be manipulated to be on the page. Not generally necessary, however, some browsers render slower than others and may need a little extra time to get a media-heavy page done. Returns an array of the story metadata store's key/value pairs as [key, value] arrays. Returns a reference to the current AudioRunner instance for chaining. The controls of the Settings dialog automatically call this method when settings are changed, so you should normally never need to call this method manually. State.has() does not check expired moments. This feature also prevents players from losing progress if they try to use the browser back and forward buttons to navigate, or if they refresh their browser for any reason. See UIBar API for more information. For example, you may use the following JavaScript code to record the last non-menu passage into the $return story variable: (Twine2: the Story JavaScript, Twine1/Twee: a script-tagged passage). Returns a new independent copy of the track. See the :passagerender event for its replacement. Combining the <<set> and <<if> macros. There are cases, however, where things get a bit more complicated, namely: instances where you need to pass the name of a variable as an argument, rather than its value, and those where you want to pass the result of an expression as argument. Removes event handlers from the selected tracks. Global event triggered once just before the dismissal of the loading screen at startup. Track event triggered when a fade completes normally. Specific elements can be accessed in an array by following its variable name with a pair of brackets containing the index to check. This macro has been deprecated and should no longer be used. The UISystem API object has been split into two APIs Dialog and UI, and some of its methods have also changed. A format item has the syntax {index[,alignment]}, square-brackets denoting optional elements. Finally, one of three things happen (in order): the existing playthrough session is restored, if it exists, else the autosave is loaded, if it exists and is configured to do so, else the starting passage is run. Note: The DOM ID of the story, created from the slugified story title. Begins playback of the playlist or, failing that, sets the playlist to begin playback as soon as the player has interacted with the document. Returns a reference to the current temporary variables store (equivalent to: State.temporary). If you're simply looking to download ready-to-use localizations, see SugarCube's website (under Downloads > Localizations). Should the history exceed the limit, states will be dropped from the past (oldest first). The built-in Restart button, along with the methods UI.restart() and Engine.restart() are provided so that the story can be restarted without restoring a session. The load and playback states of tracks are not currently recorded within the active play session or saves. Track event triggered when playback is stopped after .stop() or .stop() is calledeither manually or as part of another process. Returns the whole (integer) part of the given number by removing its fractional part, if any. Story API. Note: Warning: Events are messages that are sent (a.k.a. Paste in the Base64-encoded media source as the passage's content. If you need them, then you'll need to use a class or similar non-generic object. The entire Options systemMenuOptions special passage, options special variable, and associated macroshas been scrapped for numerous reasonsit was always a hack, required copious amounts of boilerplate code to be useful, etc. Returns whether playback of the playlist has been paused. You must provide your own styling for the link-visited class as none is provided by default. Note: Use the Edit Story Stylesheet story editor menu item for styles. May be called with, optional, link text or with a link or image markup. For example, let's return to the example above and change it again: You'll see that setup.y is being set to 1 and displayed properly regardless of whether you load a saved story or not, because it is not part of the state. Ideally, if you need to update UI bar content outside of the normal passage navigation update, then you should update only the specific areas you need to rather than the entire UI bar. Using <> to automatically forward players from one passage to another with no input from them will both create junk moments within the story history and make it extremely difficult for players to navigate the history. The mute-on-hidden state controls whether the master volume is automatically muted/unmuted when the story's browser tab loses/gains visibility. Thus, any groups or playlists containing the deleted track should be rebuilt. Gets or sets the track's repeating playback state (default: false). If you need that kind of information from the dialog itself, then you may use the :dialogclosing event instead. Warning: May be called either with a list of passages, with a list of link markup, or with a list of image markup. The equivalent SugarCube code works a bit differently: SugarCube does not terminate the parsing of the calling passage, so some care is required when calling <>. The text of a container macro parsed into discrete payload objects by tag. Warning: If no name is given, resets all settings. Intended to be mnemonically better for uses where the expression is arbitrary code, rather than variables to seti.e., <> to run code, <> to set variables. The second, and also mandatory, character of the variable name may be one of the following: the letters A though Z (in upper or lower case), the dollar sign, and the underscore (i.e., A-Za-z$_)after their initial use as the sigil, the dollar sign and underscore become regular variable characters. Essentially, a combination of <>. Note: Your project's JavaScript section (Twine2: the Story JavaScript; Twine1/Twee: a script-tagged passage) is normally the best place to call importScripts(). Calling the State.prng.init() methodformerly History.initPRNG()outside of story initialization will now throw an error. If multiple passage titles are given, returns the lowest count. Note: In my version of Twine, the dialog box looks like this: In this dialog box, select the SugarCube alternative with the latest version number (SugarCube 2.x.x, the higher the numbers the better). SugarCube 2.x - The current version of SugarCube. The sigil must be a dollar sign ($) for story variables or an underscore (_) for temporary variables. See <> for more information. It would probably help if you were more specific as to your goal. Collects tracks, which must be set up via <>, into a group via its <> children. When used to set the shuffle state, returns a reference to the current AudioList instance for chaining. Each value in an array is assigned an index, which is a number that corresponds to the position of that item or element. Warning: Opens the built-in settings dialog, which is populated from the Setting API. See the .includesAll() method for its replacement. Creates a multiline text input block, used to modify the value of the variable with the given name. Because the custom style markup uses the same tokens to begin and end the markup, it cannot be nested within itself. This setting exists because it's unlikely that you'll ever want to actually perform an assignment within a conditional expression and typing = when you meant === (or ==) is a fairly easy to mistake makeeither from a finger slip or because you just don't know the difference between the operators. Generates no output. Multiple <> macros may be set up to modify the same variable, which makes them part of a radio button group. Closes the dialog. that begins a line defines the heading markup. Roughly equivalent to the :passagerender event. The default cursor is the block element character Right Half Block (U+2590) and it has no default font or color styling. Warning: Immediately forwards the player to the passage with the given name. Note: Starts playback of the playlist and fades the currently playing track between the specified starting and destination volume levels over the specified number of seconds. Navigating back to a previous passage, for whatever reason, can be problematic. If you're on Linux, right-click on the file and select Copy. Generates no output. Returns whether the seedable PRNG has been enabled. Instance methods of classes are not affected by either issue, as they're never actually stored within story variables, being referenced from their classes' prototypes instead. Only the primitives, generic objects, some JavaScript natives (specifically: Array, Date, Map, RegExp, and Set), and DOM node objects are supported by default. In the Add a New Format tab, paste in the file path to format.js and click the green Add button. Triggered before the modification of the state history. The audio subsystem that supports the audio macros comes with some built-in limitations and it is strongly recommended that you familiarize yourself with them. See Fullscreen API for more information. Skips ahead to the next track in the playlist, if any. See <> for more information. Displays the loading screen until all currently registered audio has either loaded to a playable state or aborted loading due to errors. . Deprecated: Indicates whether SugarCube is running in test mode, which enables debug views. Playlists are useful for playing tracks in a sequencei.e., one after another. Use the Edit Story JavaScript story editor menu item for scripts. Warning: Controls the playback of audio tracks, which must be set up via <>. Non-generic object types (a.k.a. Returns the number of turns that have passed since the last instance of the passage with the given title occurred within the story history or -1 if it does not exist. Starts playback of the selected tracks and fades them from the specified volume level to 0 (silent) over the specified number of seconds. Additionally, it is strongly recommended that you do not specify any arguments to State.prng.init() and allow it to automatically seed itself. We have tried to point out which they do work with, but beware! Multiplies the current value on the left-hand side of the operator by the value on the right-hand side and assigns the result to the left-hand side. classes) guide for more detailed information. SugarCube features a configurable autosave system. Note: If it encounters an unrecoverable problem during its processing, it may throw an exception containing an error message; the message will be displayed to the player and loading of the save will be terminated. Returns the number of times that the given substring was found within the string, starting the search at position. Harlowe's arrays, datamaps, and datasets are functionally similar to JavaScript Arrays, Maps, and Sets, but with a few key differences. Outputs a string representation of the result of the given expression. In addition to the history, there is also the active momenti.e., presentand expired momentsi.e., moments that had been played, but have expired from the history, thus cannot be navigated to. See: The API automatically calls this method at startup, so you should never need to call this method manually. To enable test mode from the story editor/map screen, click on the Test menu item (right side of the bottom bar). When the story is restarted by SugarCube rather than refreshed via the browser, the playthrough session, if any, is not loaded. Removes all of the members at the given indices from the array and returns a new array containing the removed members. Note: Does not modify the original. The template markup begins with a question mark (?) Renders the given markup and appends it to the dialog's content area. Due to how SugarCube stores the state history a few constructs are not supported within story variables. Passing the name of a variable as an argument is problematic because variable substitution occurs automatically in SugarCube macros. Harlowe refers to these as "revision macros". Story variables are a part of the story history and exist for the lifetime of a playthrough session. A set of four hyphen/minus characters (-) that begins a line defines the horizontal rule markup. Tip: Whenever your story is first started or, for any reason, restartede.g., the browser window/tab was refreshed/reloadedit undergoes its startup sequence. Note: You would do well to keep your translations similar when possible. Moves backward one moment within the full history (past + future), if possible, activating and showing the moment moved to. All changes within this version are elective changes that you may address at your leisure.
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